Trump Kujitoa katika Makubaliano ya Nuklia
ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ
Swali
Twajua kwamba Amerika ni nchi inayoendeshwa na taasisi na kwamba mtizamo wa Amerika kiulimwengu unasimamiwa na taasisi za utawala ndani ya Amerika, na sio rais. Tunawezaje kuelezea uidhinishaji wa makubaliano ya kinuklia na Iran na kuyaita kuwa ni ushindi, na hivi sasa Trump anajitoa kutoka katika makubaliano hayo na kuyaita maamuzi hayo kuwa ni ushindi? Tafadhali fafanua hili, na pokea shukrani zangu.
Jibu
Ni kweli mtizamo wa Amerika kisiasa ulimwenguni unasimamiwa na taasisi na sio rais kibinafsi, japo mbinu za rais hutumika zaidi katika kutoa maamuzi, lakini ambalo halikuulizwa katika swali ni msingi upi unaotoa muongozo kufanya maamuzi hayo ambalo lingetoa jibu kwa swali hilo. Msingi wa taasisi za dola ni maslahi ya Amerika. Lau, katika hali fulani, makubaliano yanahitajika, taasisi hupitisha makubaliano na rais huidhinisha makubaliano. Lau maslahi ya Amerika yanahitaji kufutilia mbali makubaliano, taasisi hupitisha kufutilia mbali na rais huidhinisha kufutilia mbali huko.
Kwa mfano,
1- Iran ilikuwa na umuhimu na kuhitajika kuumakinisha utawala wa kidhalimu wa Bashar, ambaye ni kibaraka wa Amerika, mpaka pale Amerika itakapopata mbadala wake. Amerika iliogopa umaarufu wa mavuguvu ndani ya Syria yaliyokuwa yamenyanyua miito ya Uislamu na hukm ya Kiislamu, iliogopa kuwa dhalimu wao angeangushwa na hivyo utawala wa Kiislamu ungesimama Syria na ushawishi wa Amerika ungeondoshwa katika eneo hilo hususan kasi ya mavuguvugu maarufu ilipozidi ndani ya mwaka 2015 na kuendelea kusonga mbele kutoka sehemu hadi sehemu. Hivyo basi, iliiondoshea Iran vikwazo na kuipa majukumu na kuiwezesha kutekeleza majukumu hayo. Kwa hiyo ilikuwa ni maslahi ya Amerika kutia saini makubaliano ili kuiondoshea Iran vikwazo mbele yake. Ilikuwa ni makubaliano ya kufedheheshwa Iran kwa kila nyanja. Linalodhihirisha hilo zaidi ni yaliyofuata utiaji saini wa makubaliano wa 14/7/2015, ambapo Rais wa Amerika Barack Obama alitoa hotuba iliyopeperusha moja kwa moja na kusema:
*Kuhusiana na makubaliano “njia zote zinazoelekea katika silaha ya nuklia zimekatwa” … Itailazimisha Iran “kuondosha thuluthi mbili za vizalisha nuklia na kuihifadhi chini ya usimamizi wa kimataifa” * Itaondosha asilimia 98 ya madini ya uranium yaliyo wezeshwa. * Itakubali vikwazo kurudishwa punde tu makubaliano yakikiukwa *Daima kukipatia Kitengo cha Kimataifa cha Kawi ya Atom kuweza “kuzuru wakati wowote ambapo kitakapohitaji” (BBC 14/7/2015)
Tumeelezea lengo la Amerika kuhusiana na makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran katika Jibu la Swali la 22/7/2015 baada ya Baraza la Usalama kuyapitisha makubaliano hayo 20/7/2015 tukasema:
“Yote haya yanaashiria kwamba lengo la Amerika juu ya makubaliano hayo ilikuwa ni kuifanyia wepesi na kuiwezesha Iran kupitia kuiondoshea vikwazo na kuipa mahusiano ya wazi ili iweze kuendelea na jukumu litakaloipa wepesi kazi ya Amerika na kuipunguzia mzigo na kuipa pumzi juu ya michezo yake dhidi ya serikali na watu wa eneo hilo. Hivyo basi Iran itaendelea kutekeleza sera ya Amerika kivitendo kuhusiana na kadhia ya Iraq, Syria na Yemen hata hivyo licha ya kuwa hayo yangetekelezwa nyuma ya pazia ili kuyaficha yasionekane kama ilivyokuwa awali (kabla makubaliano), hivi sasa yatafanyika peupe nyuma ya pazia inayoonyesha ndani au bila hata pazia!”
Hakika, Iran imecheza mchezo mchafu na wa kihalifu wa Amerika ndani ya nchi hizi Syria, Iraq na Yemen, na ilikuwa maarufu na wazi chini ya miito ya kiuwongo ya kupinga na chini ya kuchochea chuki za kidini.
Kwa hiyo, ilikuwa katika maslahi ya Amerika kuingia katika makubaliano hayo ili kuweza kuunusuru uchumi wa Iran na kuiwezesha kutekeleza kwa kikamilifu mipango ya Amerika katika eneo hilo na kwa kushajiishwa kuwa vikwazo dhidi yake vitaondolewa hususan katika hali ya Syria ambayo ilikuwa inakaribia kutoka katika ushawishi wa Amerika kutokana na udhaifu wa utawala wa dhalimu Bashar. Hivyo basi, dori ambayo Iran ilitakiwa kutekeleza kwa ukamilifu ni kumlinda na huku nayo ikipewa ahadi ya kuondolewa vikwazo. Hali ya Bashar ndani ya mwaka 2015 ilikuwa mbaya mno na alikaribia kupinduliwa, kwa hiyo Amerika ikaingia katika makubaliano na Iran ili kuipa idhini rasmi katika dori ya Syria 14/7/2015. Na ilikuwa si hayo tu, bali pia ilileta jeshi la Urusi baada ya Obama kukutana na Putin 30/09/2015 na kuipa Urusi idhini ya kuingia ili kuunusuru utawala wa Bashar usipinduliwe mpaka pale Amerika itakapopata kibaraka mpya.
2- Lakini mtizamo wa Amerika umebadilika sasa kutokana na kuwa hali ya Bashar sasa iko juu. Hili limetengeneza mtizamo mpya kwa utawala wa Trump, hususan kutokana na yaliyopatikana na Amerika moja kwa moja au kinyume chake ndani ya Iraq na Syria dhidi ya watu wa nchi hizo zinazohitaji mapinduzi. Kwa hiyo hawahitaji tena kuipa Iran mchango wowote wa moja kwa moja kwa kuwa hali sasa imebadilika, iliyoanza mwishoni mwa utawala wa Obama baada ya kuzipa majukumu ya moja kwa moja tawala za Uturuki na Saudi Arabia.
Ukhaini wao dhidi ya mapinduzi ya Syria yaliyokuwa mabaya zaidi ya silaha za Urusi, Iran na washirika wake na utawala wa Syria, ambao ulidhoofisha mapinduzi, lakini utawala wa Uturuki na ule wa Saudi Arabia ulifaulu kupata ushindi kwa niaba ya utawala wa Syria kwa njia za uovu, ambazo ziliipelekea Iran kurudi nyuma kimajukumu kinyume na awali ilivyokuwa ikisimamia dori hiyo kabla Uturuki na Saudi Arabia… Hivyo basi, Amerika ikaifanya jukumu la Iran kama lakuongeza nguvu kinyume na kuwa mstari wa mbele, hali hii iko wazi kwa mujibu wa makubaliano ya Astana. Na hivyo walifaulu kuyasitisha mapinduzi ya Syria kwa kisingizio cha kusitisha kuzidi mauaji. Hii ni moja ya sababu ya Amerika kutangaza kujitoa katika makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran, ambapo maslahi ya Amerika yanaitaka kujitoa katika makubaliano kwa maandalizi ya masharti mapya ili kupunguza mchango wa Iran ndani ya eneo hilo. Na hili lilimpelekea Trump kudai kuwa Iran imeipiku Amerika katika manufaa yanayotokana na makubaliano ya nuklia, ili kuonyesha kwamba anataka kujitoa kwa sababu makubaliano hayo kwa mujibu wa madai yake, ni kuwa yanaisaidia Iran kupata silaha ya nuklia. Kwa ukamilifu Trump alidai 08/05/2018 ambapo alitangaza kujitoa kutoka katika makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran kupitia hotuba yake iliyopeperushwa alisema kwamba “Ikiwa makubaliano haya yatawachwa yaendelee, hivi karibuni kutakuwa na ushindani wa zana za kinuklia ndani ya Mashariki ya Kati” na “Hakuna kitendo kilichowahi kufanywa na utawala huo na kilichokuwa hatari zaidi kuliko kile cha azma yake ya utengenezaji wa silaha za nuklia”
akaendelea:
“Kinadharia, kile kinachoitwa “makubaliano ya Iran” yalikuwa ni kuilinda Marekani na washirika wetu…makubaliano hayo yaliiruhusu Iran kuendelea kuzalisha madini ya uranium.” Akasema pia: “Viongozi wa Iran kiasili watasema kuwa wanakataa kuzungumzia tena makubaliano mapya; wakiwa tayari kuzungumza, mimi niko tayari, nimejiandaa na naweza” na akasema: “tumewasiliana kwa kirefu na washirika wetu ulimwengu mzima… Baada ya mashauriano hayo, imekuwa wazi kwangu kuwa hatuwezi kusitisha bomu la kinuklia la Iran.” “Hivyo basi, leo natangaza kuwa Amerika imejitoa katika makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran”. “Makubaliano hayo hayasaidii kuilazimisha Iran kusitisha vitendo vyake… Muda mfupi ujao, nitaweka saini uamuzi wa urais kuanza kuvirudisha vikwazo vya Amerika vya kinuklia dhidi ya utawala wa Iran.”
Akaenda na kutia saini maamuzi ya urais na kusema: “Makubaliano hayakujadiliwa vyema…Makubaliano ya Iran ni mabaya tokea mwanzo. Vipengee vya makubaliano hayo havikubaliki kamwe. Tukitoka katika makubaliano ya Iran, tutaendelea kufanya kazi na washirika wetu ili kupata suluhisho la kweli, la kina na la kudumu kuhusiana na vitisho vya Iran…kutokana na makubaliano haya yanayotisha tuliyopewa na utawala huo na ni utawala uliojaa vitisho na mabilioni ya dolari. (Sputnik, AlJazeera 8/5/2018)
Hapa iko wazi zaidi kuwa Trump alitaka kutamka kauli za uongo na kudanganya zaidi kuhusu uwezo wa Iran ili kukinaisha sababu za kujitoa kutoka katika makubaliano nao ya kinuklia bila kuelezea sababu za kweli; ambazo ni kuwa maslahi ya Amerika hivi sasa yanaitaka wapunguze mchango wa Iran nchini Syria na katika eneo hilo lakini ibakie kuwa tayari kutekeleza yale yatakayohitajiwa na Amerika. Hili linarudiwa na sera ya Amerika, ambayo inabadilisha sera zake kwa mujibu wa maslahi, mfano ilivyokuwa Urusi baada ya mkutano wa Obama na Putin 30/09/2015 na kumpa idhini aingie Syria kumsaidia Iran katika lengo la kummakinisha Bashar. Lakini Urusi ilipojaribu kudandia jukumu lake na kujifanya kama ambaye inafanyakazi kibinafsi kando na ushawishi wa Amerika, maslahi ya Amerika yaliitaka “kuiadhibu” Urusi ili kuikumbusha mchango wake na uwezo wake, ndiyo ikapiga mashambulizi ya kijeshi nchini Syriai!
Kama tulivyoonesha katika Jibu kwa Swali la 14/04/2018, “… Mashambulizi ya Amerika yalikuwa zaidi kuiadhibu Urusi kuliko kushambulia silaha za kemikali za Syria. Takriban maeneo kumi yalishambuliwa alfajiri leo.
Hata hivyo maoni ya wajuzi wa kijeshi katika vyombo vya habari asubuhi hii machache katika hayo maeneo ni ya kemikali au vituo vya utafiti, lakini mengi ni ya kijeshi.”Kwa hivyo, Amerika kubadilisha sera yake kwa mujibu wa maslahi ni jambo linalojulikana vyema.
3- Jambo jengine ambalo maslahi ya Amerika yalitaka, ni Amerika kuondosha kuangaziwa kwa uhalifu wa Mayahudi kwa kuvamia Palestina na Al-Quds (Jerusalem), na kwa muda mrefu Amerika ilikuwa ikitaka kuuhamisha ubalozi wao kuupeleka Jerusalem, lakini ilikuwa inasubiri suluhisho la dola-mbili na kugawanywa kwa Jerusalem, na ilikuwa ikihairisha uhamishaji huo wa ubalozi. Lakini sasa Amerika inaona suluhisho tofauti kwa tatizo hilo kinyume na suluhisho la dola mbili, kwa kuingiza mabadiliko na suluhisho nyingine ambazo wanasema ni makubaliano ya karne hii. Na hili lilihitaji lile lililoidhinishwa na tawala zilizotangulia za Amerika za kuuhamisha ubalozi kwenda AlQuds (Jerusalem), na Amerika ilitaka kupunguza kuangaziwa kuhusiana na suala hilo na hivyo ikailenga Iran na kulikuza suala la mchango wake kwa kuandaa kongamano la watawala (ruwayibidha) 21/05/2017 ambapo Trump aliwazungumzia viongozi hao na wawakilishi wa dola 55 kutoka katika ulimwengu wa Kiislamu ili kuelezea sababu za kutia saini maridhiano kati ya umbile la Kiyahudi na utawala wa Saudi na tawala nyingine na kuendelea kushinikiza suluhisho fulani kuhusiana na suala la Palestina ambalo lilikuwa halija tangazwa na Amerika. Na utawala wa Saudi unalipigia debe na kuushinikiza Utawala wa Palestina kuukubali, ikimaanisha kuwa Trump aliwekeza kazi yake kuifanya Iran kuwa ndiyo adui badala ya umbile la Kiyahudi mnyakuzi wa Palestina, ardhi ya Isra na M’iraj. Hivyo basi, Saudi Arabia inamfuata Trump polepole na kumuunga mkono na kuupigia debe uamuzi wake… Kwa hiyo ni kwa maslahi ya Amerika kuzidisha uongo kwa suala la makubaliano ya nuklia, kama ambayo sio makubaliano yanayo ifedhehesha Iran, lakini ni makubaliano yanayoipa nguvu Iran. Muhimu zaidi ni kuwa makubaliano yaliyokuwemo ndani, hata Trump na wengine hawatopata makubaliano zaidi ya hayo ya kuifedhehesha Iran.
Imeoneshwa kuwa Amerika inailenga Iran kuionyesha kama adui ndani ya eneo hilo badala ya umbile la Kiyahudi. Kwa mfano maandamano ya hivi majuzi ndani ya Iran, Amerika iliyazingatia maandamano hayo na ikayadandia ikizingatia mchango wa Iran katika eneo hilo ni suala ambalo Amerika inalipa makini katika sera yake. Na Amerika kudandia wimbi hilo la maandamano ndani ya Iran hakukulenga kuupindua utawala huo bali kwa malengo mengine tuliyoelezea katika Jibu kwa Swali la 11/01/2018:
“…Kwa nini Amerika ilidandia wimbi la maandamano na kulitumia vipi? Ilikuwa ni kwa sababu mbili:
Kwanza ilikuwa kuondosha kuangaziwa kwa Palestina na kauli ya Trump kuhusu Al-Quds “Jerusalem” na kulishughulisha eneo hilo na suala la Iran. Hivyo, ikawa adui wa kwanza katika eneo na kisha kuangaziwa kunaelekezwa Iran, na huku umbile la Kiyahudi mnyakuzi wa Palestina linasita kuangaziwa.
Pili ni kuwamakinisha vibaraka wa Amerika katika eneo hilo chini ya kisingizio cha kuungana dhidi Iran na kuilinda Amerika kutoka katika hatari ya Iran. Kauli ya Trump kuhusu Al-Quds (Jerusalem) na kwamba ndiyo mji wa umbile la Kiyahudi (adui mkubwa wa waumini) kama tulivyosema katika toleo 7/12/2017 ni kama kofi katika migongo ya vibaraka wa Amerika “Al-Quds (Jerusalem) imo katika mioyo ya Waislamu na akili zao, na kimya cha vibaraka juu ya kauli ya Trump na kujipendekeza kwao ubakia kuwa vibaraka wa Amerika ni kashfa kwao…Kauli ya Trump dhidi ya Iran ni Kamba yao ili wabakie mamlakani kuwa vibaraka wa Amerika licha ya kauli ya Trump kuhusu Jerusalem… kwa kusema kuwa Trump anaikabili Iran, adui mkubwa ni kujitia hamnazo ambako ni kubaya kuliko uhalifu.
َونُكَفْؤُى يَّنَ أُ َّ ا ُمُهَلَاتَق
“Mwenyezi Mungu awaangamizilie mbali! Vipi wanapotoka na haki?”
[AlMunafiqun: 4]
4- Amerika ilikuwa nchi yenye ushawishi katika makubaliano ya nuklia, Ulaya ilikubali mpango wa Amerika kuhusiana na makubaliano na kukubali tu kutia saini kwa kuwa ni mmoja katika watiaji saini. Hivyo, Ulaya ilijisalimisha na kukubali ili kuweza kuendelea kuwepo. Tulifafanua nafasi ya Ulaya katika makubaliano ya nuklia katika Jibu kwa Swali la 22/07/2015 na tulisema wakati huo:
“…Kwa kuwa hakukua na chochote kilichobakia kwa Ulaya, baada ya kutafakari kuwa hawawezi kusitisha makubaliano ya nuklia kati ya Amerika na Iran au kuweza kuwa na ushawishi juu ya Amerika isipokuwa kuelekea Iran kwenda kupata ngawira kwa njia ya kujishindia uwekezaji na miradi ndani yake, kwani (Ujerumani) inaumia kutokana na matatizo ya kiuchumi na kupitia hali hiyo wanaweza kufanyakazi ndani ya Iran kwa muda mrefu ili kuweza kupata tena ushawishi wa Ulaya ndani au japo kidogo ikiwa pamoja na ushawishi wa Amerika…”
Hivyo basi, Ulaya waliyatumia makubaliano hayo na kujifungua kwa Iran kiuchumi. Mgao wa biashara kati ya Ulaya na Iran umezidi na biashara kati ya Amerika umepungua kidogo kabla ya makubaliano na wakati wa vikwazo. Hiyo ilikuwa sababu ya tatu ambayo ilimfanya Trump kwenda mbio kuyasitisha makubaliano hayo ili kuipiga pigo Ulaya kibiashara… Trump alitangaza 7 Mei 2018 kupitia tweet katika mtandao wa Twitter kwamba ameamua kuileta karibu tarehe ya makubaliano ya nuklia ya Iran kutoka 12 hadi 8 Mei 2018.
Ni muhimu kuangazia kuwa hatua hii imekuja kwa sababu Ulaya ilijaribu kumnasihi asijitoe katika makubaliano ya nuklia. Tovuti ya عقوم ,uukun ili ”deedaJ-lA ibarA-lA“ abmawk ituvot ri.malala سويسكإ “… Katibu wa Masuala ya Nje wa Amerika, Mike Pompeo aliwaambia wenzie kutoka Ulaya, Ufaransa, Uingereza na Ujerumani siku ya Ijumaa 4/5/2018 kuhusu nia ya Rais Trump kutangaza kujitoa kwa nchi yake kutoka kwenye makubaliano ya nuklia, na alikataa maelewano yaliyopendekezwa na wawakilishi wa Amerika ndani ya miezi iliyopita kuhusu uwezekano wa kufanya mabadiliko ya makubaliano” Amerika haikukubali kuelewa wala kushirikiana pamoja na Ulaya na haikuwajali na hii inaashiria kuwa ina mipango mingine na inataka kujitenga na Ulaya na kutoshirikiana nayo katika suala hili.
5- Ulaya imegundua kuwa kusitishwa kwa makubaliano itawapa madhara makubwa ya kiuchumi ikiwapelekea katika madhara ya kisiasa na hivyo basi wamejaribu juhudi zao zote kukutana na Trump kumpa nasaha asijitoe. Macron alikwenda Amerika na kujaribu kumpa nasaha rais wa Amerika asijitoe kutoka katika makubaliano hayo lakini hakufaulu. Akafuatiwa na Merkel, na wakatoa mapendekezo ya kibiashara kwa Amerika lakini hayakukubaliwa. Nafasi ya Ulaya iliibuka kuwa ya udhaifu. Uingereza ikawasiliana na Macron na Merkel, na kutangaza kuwa wao watabakia katika makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran. Kisha, Waziri wa Kigeni wa Uingereza, Johnson, akazuru Amerika na kutangaza kuwa ulimwengu upo salama zaidi kwa kubakia makubaliano kuliko bila. Uingereza ikaanza kusonga mbele kwa nguvu. Hivyo basi, Trump akaisogeza tarehe ili kuonyesha nafasi yake katika makubaliano hayo kutoka tarehe 12 hadi 8 Mei 2018 na kuusitisha mipango ya Ulaya na kutangaza rasmi na hakuipa uzito Ulaya kwa sababu taasisi za Amerika ziliona dhamira yao kupitia sababu hizo tatu kwa Amerika kusitisha makubaliano.
6- Yaliyofuata yalikuwa kama ifuatavyo:
- Ulaya imesikitishwa, imejaa majuto na wasiwasi! Chansela wa Ujerumani Angela Merkel alisema alipokea taarifa hiyo kwa majuto na wasiwasi juu ya uamuzi wa Rais wa Donald kuitoa Amerika katika makubaliano makubwa ya kinuklia na Iran ya mwaka 2015. Alisema “Tutaendelea kujifunga na makubaliano haya na tutafanya kila tuwezalo ili kuhakikisha kuwa Iran inayatekeleza kiukamilifu. Ujerumani imechukua uamuzi huu kwa ushirikiano na Uingereza na Ufaransa,” akaongeza. “Suluhisho lipo katika kuzungumza kwa pamoja na kwamba Ulaya inatakiwa kucheza dori kubwa zaidi katika sera ya kigeni na usalama.” “Alisisitiza kuwa Ujerumani itafanya kila iwezalo ndani ya uwezo wake kuhakikisha Tehran inatekeleza majukumu yake vilivyo chini ya makubaliano ya nuklia na ikaashiria kuwa Tehran imekuwa ikiyatekeleza hadi sasa na kusema kuwa makubaliano ya nuklia ya Iran yasiulizwe maswali bali kuweko na mazungumzo kuhusu makubaliano ya kina zaidi ya kwenda zaidi ya makubaliano ya mwanzo.” (Reuters, 9/5/2018).
Alitangaza kuwa Ulaya imehuzunishwa na Amerika kufeli na wasiwasi wake kuhusu athari ya kujitoa huko kutoka katika makubaliano. Kama tulivyosema huko juu kuwa Ulaya ili kwenda mbio katika ngazi za juu za Amerika kuhakikisha wanamrai Trump asifanye maamuzi ya kujitoa na kujaribu kumpendekezeaTrump ajadiliane na Iran tena, lakini hakuwajibu bali aliwashtusha kwa tarehe ya kutangaza msimamo wake juu ya makubaliano hayo. Hivyo basi, Ulaya walionyesha udhaifu mbele ya Amerika.
Kisha, wiki ya pili ya Mei 2018, kulikuwepo na kauli kinzani zikidhihirisha kutoridhishwa na kutamaushwa kwao na kujitoa kwa Amerika. Kwa upande mwingine baadhi ya kauli zilizotolewa zilionyesha hali ya changamoto, Federica Mogherini, kiongozi mkuu wa sera ya Umoja wa Ulaya, alisema “Nina wasiwasi kuhusiana na tangazo hili litakalotolewa na Trump.” Akiongeza, “Umoja wa Ulaya umejizatiti kutenda kwa mujibu wa maslahi yake ya kiusalama ili kulinda uwekezaji wake wa kiuchumi”… Tutabakia ndani ya makubaliano haya kwa ushirikiano na jamii ya kimataifa.” Majibu ya Waziri wa Kigeni wa Ufaransa, Jean-Yves Le Drian alisema: “ Bado makubaliano hayaja kufa…Ufaransa, Ujerumani na Iran itafanya mkutano Jumatatu (14/5/2018) ili kujadili matukio haya mapya na zana za Iran za masafa marefu na masuala mengine, lakini wakati huo huo lazima tuyabakishe makubaliano, nasisitiza kuwa Kitengo cha Kimataifa cha Kawi ya Atom kinakiri kuwa Iran inaheshimu makubaliano” (Al-Jazeera 9/5/2018).
Uingereza, Ufaransa na Ujerumani zilitoa taarifa ya pamoja ikionyesha kuungana kwao: “Pamoja tunasisitiza kuendelea kwetu na makubaliano ya JCPOA. Tunazinasihi pande zote kubakia na kujifunga na utekelezwaji wake kikamilifu na kutenda majukumu yanayowahusu, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuhakikisha kuendeleza manufaa ya kiuchumi yanayohusiana na makubaliano ya watu wa Iran.” (Al-Jazeera 9/5/2018).
“Maamuzi ya Washington kujitoa kutoka katika makubaliano ya nuklia hakubadilishi msimamo wetu na hatuna nia ya kujitoa,” Johnson alisema hayo ndani ya bunge la nchi yao. “Nainasihi Marekani kujiepusha na kitendo chochote kitakachositisha pande nyingine kuendelea na utekelezwaji wa makubaliano hayo, ikiwa ni pamoja na maslahi yetu ya pamoja ya kiusalama.” (Guardian 9/5/2018). Misimamo hiyo inaonyesha kuwa Ulaya itakuwa kikwazo na itabakia kuyaunga mkono makubaliano!
Kwa upande mwingine, baadhi ya kauli za Ulaya zilionyesha kuwa wamesalimu amri na kuwa na wasiwasi na makampuni yao. “Itakuwa vigumu kutekeleza makubaliano ya nuklia bila Amerika,” alisema Norbert Roitgen, kiongozi wa sera ya kimataifa ndani ya chama cha Merkel. Norbert akaongeza kuwa yeyote “atakayewekeza nchini Iran atakuwa na vikwazo vikali kutoka kwa Amerika, na bei yake itakuwa haiwezi kulipika.” Akaonya kwa kusema “Hivyo basi, makampuni yaliyoathirika kwa haraka yatasitisha uwekezaji au kujitoa kutoka nchini humo moja kwa moja.” (Der Spiegel, Ujerumani, 9/5/2018).
Waziri wa Kigeni wa Ufaransa Jean-Yves Le Drian, alisema tarehe 9/5/2018 kupitia Channel ya RTL kwamba: “Iran ilikuwa imekubali kujiwekea vikwazo katika mipago yake ya kinuklia ili waweze kupata manufaa ya kiuchumi ambayo Ulaya ilijitahidi kuhifadhi. Na kwamba usimamizi wao utakutana na makampuni ya Kifaransa yanayo fanya shughuli zake nchini Irani ndani ya masiku kadhaa kujadiliana ni namna gani tunaweza kuwasaidia kubakia nchini Iran na kujaribu kuwalinda kwa hali yoyote ile kutokana na vitendo vya Amerika,” na hivyo basi Ulaya ilidhihirisha wasiwasi kuhusu hali yao ya kiuchumi.
b- Msimamo wa Iran kwa kiasi fulani ulikuwa wa utulivu, na haukuegemea Ulaya. Rais wa Iran Hassan Rouhan aliyaelezea maamuzi ya Trump kama “vita vya kifikra na ushinikizaji wa kiuchumi.” Alisema, “Hatutomruhusu Trump kushinda vita vya kifikra na kuwashinikiza watu wa Iran kiuchumi,” akasema, “Nchi hii itabakia kujifunga na makubaliano ya nuklia bila Amerika, kwa sharti kuwa Iran ndani ya wiki kadhaa itapata uungwaji mkono kutakako tuwezesha kupata manufaa kamili ya makubaliano hayo kwa kupata dhamana kutoka kwa washirika waliobakia wa makubaliano hayo ya nuklia ambao tumo katika mazungumzo nao. Suala lote litategemea dhamana ya maslahi yetu ikiwa yatapata uungwaji mkono tutaendelea na makubaliano hayo, lakini ikiwa dhamana itakuwa katika karatasi tu na hayadhamini maslahi ya watu wa Iran basi tutakuwa na uamuzi kamili.” (Runinga rasmi ya Iran 9/5/2018).
Spika wa Baraza la Shura la Iran, Ali Larijani alisema: “Ulaya imejisalimisha kwa shinikizo za Amerika ambayo imepelekea kujitoa kwa makampuni yao mengi ndani ya Iran kwa mujibu wa vikwazo vya kimataifa vilivyotangulia kati ya 2012 na 2015… Hatuwezi kuzipa uzito kauli zao za kuendelea na makubaliano, lakini inafaa kutoa mtihani kwa wiki kadhaa ili tuweke wazi kwa ulimwengu kuwa Iran imejaribu kwa kila njia kufikia suluhisho la kisiasa kwa Amani.” (Deutsche Welle, 9/5/2018) Iran haina ujasiri na msimamo wa Ulaya, ina wasiwasi kuhusiana na maslahi yake na lau vikwazo vitawekwa basi itadhuriwa.
C –Urusi haikujumuisha msimamo wake dhidi ya Trump na msimamo wa Ulaya, bali ilitoa msimamo wake pekee. “Urusi imesikitishwa na uamuzi wa Trump… hakuna na hakutakuweko na msingi wa kusitisha, makubaliano ambayo yalionyesha kufaulu pakubwa… na kwamba Moscow iko tayari kuendelea na ushirikiano na washirika wengine ndani ya makubaliano hayo ya nuklia na itaendelea kukuza mahusiano yake na Iran.” Al Jazeera 9/5/2018)” alisema Waziri wa Kigeni Lavrov.
Na inazungumza kiuoga kuhusu ushirikiano wake na wahusika wengine, yaani pande za Ulaya ambao hawakuwasiliana na Urusi, waliamua kukutana na kushauriana na Iran bila kuwepo kwake. Hivyo basi, msimamo wa Urusi uko katika hali tete, haiwezi kuungana na Amerika katika suala hilo, kwa sababu ni kinyume na maslahi yake na sera yake juu ya Iran na haiwezi kuungana na Ulaya ambao wanaharibu mahusiano yao na Urusi ili isiweze kutumiwa na Amerika dhidi yao katika kuitenga Ulaya.
d- Ama kuhusu msimamo wa Uchina, balozi maalumu wa Uchina katika eneo la Mashariki ya Kati, Gong Xiaosheng alisema: “Pande zote husika katika makubaliano ya nuklia na Iran lazima wayaheshimu na watumie mazungumzo kujadiliana ili kusuluhisha sintofahamu, na nchi yake iko tayari kujumuisha ushirikiano wa nchi zote husika,” (Xen-Kho 9/5/ 2018). Hii ni kauli ya wazi isiyokuwa na mwelekeo wa moja kwa moja, ambao Uchina haijaziunga mkono nchi za Ulaya ambazo zinapinga kujitoa katika makubaliano hayo. Lakini imeiwekea misimamo ya Amerika na Ulaya kuwa sawa kwa sawa kwa mujibu wa kauli hiyo. Uchina haihesabiwi kutokana na udhaifu wa msimamo wake kimataifa dhidi ya Amerika na imejifunga na uhusiano wake kibiashara na Amerika.
Kwa kutamatisha: Trump hakutangaza kujitoa katika makubaliano kwa sababu makubaliano hayo eti yalikuwa ni ushindi kwa Iran na kwa maslahi ya Iran na kuikuza hadhi ya Iran, lakini kwa mujibu wa makubaliano yalivyo tangu wakati wa Obama ni kufedheheshwa kwa Iran kutokana na kukubali kwake kusitisha mradi wake wa nuklia. Lakini Trump alitangaza kujitoa kutoka katika makubaliano kwa sababu maslahi ya Amerika yameitaka kufanya hivyo kwa mujibu wa nukta tatu tulizozitaja hapo juu:
A – Umuhimu wa mchanago wa Iran, hususan ndani ya mwaka 2015. Hili halihitajiki tena kama ilivyokuwa mwaka 2015.
B – Kuzidisha chuki ya Amerika dhidi ya Iran, hususan mbele ya Saudi Arabia na mfano wake ili kuzihamisha chuki dhidi ya umbile la Kiyahudi na kuzipeleka kwa Iran…
C- Kuiadhibu Ulaya, hususan kibiashara kwa sababu Ulaya ilipatiliza makubaliano hayo kwa kufungua biashara na Iran na kusitisha mahusiano ya kibiashara na Amerika.
Amerika na Magharibi, kama waliowatangulia, makafiri na washirikina, hawa heshimu ahadi na hawatimizi mikataba, lakini wana vunja ahadi na mikataba kila wakati na hawaogopi. Iko wapi thamani ya Uislamu na hukm zake zinazotulazimu kutimiza mikataba na makubaliano? Mwenyezi Mungu alisema:
ِودُقُعْالِوا بُفْوَوا أُنَ آمَينِذَّا الَهُّيَا أَي
“Enyi mlioamini! Timizeni ahadi”
[AlMa’ida: 1].
Kwa kweli wanadamu leo wanahitaji dola ya Khilafah Rashida kwa njia ya Utume, baada ya Makafiri kueneza ufisadi katika ardhi, kuwadhulumu watu na kuharibu kila kilicho na kisichokuwa na uhai. Dola itakayo tekeleza mikataba na kuhifadhi ahadi na kueneza uadilifu na usalama kati ya watu…
Waislamu watanyanyuka kwa kuisimamisha, kwa kutokana na utukufu, ushindi na mwamko wake, na ukweli ni ule ambao Mtume (saw) aliusema aliposema kuielezea Khilafah kama ngao ya Ummah kutoka katika majanga, udhaifu na udhalili:
هِى بَقَّتُيَ وِهِائَرَ وْنِ مُلَاتَقُ يٌةَّنُ جُامَمِْ ا الإ َمَّنِإ
“Imam ni ngao nyuma yake mnapigana na kujihifadhi.”
[Ilivyosimuliwa na Muslim kutoka kwa Abu Hurayrah (ra)]
27 Sha’ban 1439 H 13/5/2018 M
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